One of the places that personifies all of this is the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, where we've begun colliding protons at the highest energies ever achieved in a particle accelerator. The asteroid passing by Earth later today is going to come pretty close to Earth -- about 200,000 miles distant. Planes, trains, and automobiles – without drivers – would collide, derail, and tumble out of the sky. Trying to make a small (two Earth mass) black hole with all of the Earth’s angular momentum would mean that the surface would have to travel at about 10 9 times the speed of light. That means the world would not have progressed as fast as it has been progressing. If a large meteorite—which is called a “near-Earth object” when its orbit crosses ours—were at risk of colliding with our planet’s surface, we would know several years in advance and have time to … Some of this debris will be going so fast that it will fly right out of the Earth's atmosphere and go into orbit around the Earth. The energy of the impact will vaporize the asteroid and a large amount of the Earth's crust, creating a crater more than one hundred kilometers across, throwing all that rock into the air. If we smacked into it at say 30 Km/s, the kinetic energy is equal to 1/2 x 2 x 10²⁰ x (3 x 10⁴)² J, or 1.8 x 10²⁹ J. Without the moon, we would see an increase in wind speeds. The second humans disappear from Earth, chaos ensues. Tides, the daily rise and fall of sea levels are a result of both the Earth spinning on its axis and the effects of gravity from the earth and the moon. If a mile-wide asteroid hit Earth, it would strike the planet's surface at about 30,000 mph. It's very likely that an asteroid like this would wipe out most of life on the planet. The reality is that the vast majority of extraterrestrial materials that could impact Earth are monitored. Comets are made mostly of dust, rock, and ice, while asteroids are primarily made of rock. If 2 Pallas collided with Earth, that would be it… Game Over. It is over 500 Km wide and masses just about 2 x 10²⁰ Kg. An asteroid that big traveling at that speed has the energy roughly equal to a 1 million megaton bomb . The change in the Earth’s rotational speed and a change in the Earth’s tilt would also affect the Earth’s weather patterns. The atmosphere experiences an inward drag towards the earth because of its rotation (along with the gravitational pull of planet) and maintains an appropriate distance from the surface. Here’s what would happen if all humans suddenly disappeared from the Earth. If the moon slows down the Earth’s rotation, then the moon also affects the wind and wind speeds on our planet. Within the first hour, mass blackouts would start to … The frozen water on a comet vaporizes when the comet nears the sun and makes a comet tail that points away from the sun (called a “coma”). A snowball hitting a rock might be similar to what it would be like if a comet hit an asteroid at high speed.
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